There is more to your wallet than just a receiving address. Every address in a wallet also contains a public and private key. Private keys are randomly generated strings (numbers and letters), which allow your coins to be spent. Private keys are mathematically related to each receiving address; every receiving address generates a unique private key. Due to a strong level of encryption resulting from the cryptographic algorithm, it is almost impossible to reverse engineer.
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The fees included with a transaction are collected by network validators (miners or stakers) responsible for confirming transactions on the blockchain. Higher fees increase the priority of your transaction. In turn, it is more likely to be picked up and confirmed faster. Alternatively, lower fees may result in your transaction taking longer to be picked up from the mempool, where all the valid transactions wait to be confirmed. If the fee is too low, the potential exists that miners or stakers will not consider it for validation.
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Most of the time, the transactions you send will confirm without any issues. However, there are rare instances where you might create a transaction, and it fails. If this occurs, the transaction is considered rejected by the network.
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Change addresses are an aspect of cryptocurrency that allows users to use specific amounts, even if the transaction isn't the total amount of the output being spent.
It is similar to transacting with cash. If the buyer pays with a $20 bill, but the transaction costs $5, they would receive $15 in change back. In cryptocurrency, the difference between the total amount paid and the total transaction cost is sent back to the user as "change" through the use of a change address.
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